Proxy Design Pattern Problem: Control access to an object by providing a surrogate or placeholder for it. Solution: Create a proxy class that acts as an intermediary between the client and the actual object. The proxy can perform additional operations before or after forwarding the request to the real object. Key Points to Implement a Proxy: Proxy class implementing the same interface as the real object. Proxy holds a reference to the real object. Proxy controls access to the real object and may perform additional actions. Predefined Use-Case in Java: A common use of the Proxy pattern is the java.lang.reflect.Proxy class, which allows the creation of dynamic proxy instances for interfaces at runtime. Example Program: interface Internet { void connectTo(String serverHost) throws Exception; } class RealInternet implements Internet { @Override public void connectTo(String serverHost) { System.out.println("Connecting to " + serverHost); } } class Prox...
To find the second-highest salary from a list of employees using Java 8 streams, you can follow these steps: Create a list of employees with their salaries. Use Java 8 streams to sort the employees by salary in descending order. Skip the first element (which is the employee with the highest salary). Get the first element of the remaining stream (which is the employee with the second-highest salary). Example code: java import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; class Employee { private String name; private double salary; public Employee (String name, double salary) { this .name = name; this .salary = salary; } public double getSalary () { return salary; } } public class SecondHighestSalary { public static void main (String[] args) { List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList <>(); employees.add( new Employee ( "John" , 60000.0 )); employees.add( new Employe...